What is an effective measure for deterring covert crimes?

Posting policies for customers can be an effective measure for deterring covert crimes because clear and visible policies establish a baseline expectation of behavior within a given environment. When customers are aware of the rules and regulations, including consequences for violations, it can reduce the likelihood of engaging in criminal activities. Policies communicate to potential offenders that there is oversight and an expectation of accountability, which may discourage them from attempting covert crimes such as shoplifting or vandalism.

In contrast, while physical environment adjustments can influence the likelihood of crime through design and layout, their effectiveness might depend on various factors and may not always clearly communicate consequences to potential offenders. Alarm response systems are crucial for alerting authorities during an incident but might not prevent an offense from occurring in the first place. Employee physical fitness training is valuable for personal readiness and enhancing response capabilities but does not directly relate to deterring crimes committed by customers within the establishment.